An Insight to Diabetes Mellitus and its Complications

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a condition recognized by raised blood glucose with altered fat, metabolism, resulting from the deficiency of insulin release and function. As per the International Diabetes Federation, to date, in India 40.9 million people have diabetes and expected to raise 69.9 million by 2025. The occurrence of diabetes is increasing globally at an increased rate, earlier diabetes was found to be the low-risk disorder restricted to geriatric group, but now it becomes a major health issue, which can affect the large group of the population including all age i.e. youth and middle-aged person. Now a day’s diabetic complications are the main cause of worsening diabetic patient’s health. The vascular complications (both macro and micro-vascular) of diabetes mellitus, results in morbidity or death of most of the patient with the disease. The most distressing circumstances and life-threatening conditions are arising due to diabetic complications of diabetes. Thus, it is essential to recognize diabetes at the initial stage and provide suitable measure to postpone or prevent the onset of diabetes. The present review emphasizes the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and major complications and treatment of diabetes in detail.